Discover and read the best of Twitter Threads about #Plasmodium
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Here at @BSPparasitology, I will be live-tweeting today from the Veterinary Parasitology session at Appleton Hall 2 & from 11:30 am-13:00 PM, from the Protists 5 session: Genomics & Evolution at McEwan Hall! So I will retweet from parallel sessions! Beautiful #BSP2023 final day! 
Beginning #BSP2023 Day 4 and opening our Veterinary Parasitology session today, is Dr Lynsey Melville (taking over from Fiona Kenyon) of @MoredunComms who is telling us about "Making #roundworm data ewe-niversal for all". #parasitology
Dr Melville of @MoredunComms tells us about her research in monitoring the development of anthelmintic resistance in the treatment of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep, particularly focusing on Nematodirus battus resistance to benzimidazoles: sciencedirect.com/science/articl… #BSP2023
Welcome to Day 2 (first scientific sessions) of #BSP2023 at @EdinburghUni in beautiful McEwan Hall! You can register each morning at McEwan Hall & make sure to pick up your abstract book & lanyard! #parasitology
Here on Twitter, I will be tweeting from the first 2 plenary sessions at McEwan Hall, followed by sessions:
Protists 1: Development & Signalling
Protists 2: Parasite Interactions
and
Drugs, Vaccines, & Diagnostics
- I will retweet info from other parallel sessions! #BSP2023
Protists 1: Development & Signalling
Protists 2: Parasite Interactions
and
Drugs, Vaccines, & Diagnostics
- I will retweet info from other parallel sessions! #BSP2023
Our first Plenary session of #BSP2023 here at McEwan Hall is "A celebration of Gloria Rudenko within the saga of Antigenic Variation in Trypanosomes", delivered by Prof Keith Gull of @UniofOxford
bsp.uk.net/Gloria-Rudenko
bsp.uk.net/Gloria-Rudenko
Very pleased to present our recent study of #endocytosis in #apicomplexans that draws on #K13 and drug-resistance in #malaria to learn of a highly unusual endocytic machinery in #Toxoplasma with a deep evolutionary origin. biorxiv.org/cgi/content/sh…
Using the #Plasmodium #artemisinin-resistance genes as initial leads, some proximity proteomics, and a good deal of super-res microscopy, a comprehensive molecular model of endocytic pits integrated into the cell’s complex (IMC) pellicle was achieved.
Remarkably, this superstructure is highly stable with the typically ephemeral proteins rigidly anchored at this site. Even more unusual, the complex is preassembled in daughter cells before the plasma membrane is even recruited. (and yes, Toxo daughter cells ARE gorgeous!)
𝟭𝟵𝟴𝟬:Wojciech “Al” Krotoski et al publish a report in the British Medical Journal describing a dormant liver stage of #Plasmodium cynomolgi in Rhesus macaques. These dormant liver stages, called "hypnozoites" are postulated to be the cause of relapses of this #malaria species
- Image references: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…; ajtmh.org/view/journals/…
- References: https://t.co/QDyaZSACDa; https://t.co/zzZPG6Ze3M; link.springer.com/article/10.100…
- References: https://t.co/QDyaZSACDa; https://t.co/zzZPG6Ze3M; link.springer.com/article/10.100…
𝟭𝟵𝟴𝟭: In 1981, Dr William C. Campbell of the Merck Institute for Therapeutic Research in the US, published "An Introduction to the Avermectins" which described a new series of compounds with potent antiparasitic properties against nematode & arthropod #parasites.
𝟭𝟵𝟳𝟯:In 1973, Thomas A. Miller of the University of Glasgow Vet School, had his canine hookworm (Ancylostoma caninum) vaccine approved for commerical use in the US. Though discontinued in 1975, Miller's work has informed hookworm vaccine research to this day! @BAVet_Parasitol
- Image references: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancylosto…; theses.gla.ac.uk/73163/1/106475…;
- References: tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.416…; academic.oup.com/cid/article/46…; https://t.co/FIP0lm4fOy
- References: tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.416…; academic.oup.com/cid/article/46…; https://t.co/FIP0lm4fOy
𝟭𝟵𝟳𝟰: In Oct '73, Dr Dan Jones of the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute in Miami introduced Acanthamoeba spp. as a human ocular pathogen to a meeting of the Ocular Microbiology & Immunology Group in the USA. Months later, in 1974, Nagington et al. would publish the 1st case studies
In 𝟭𝟵𝟲𝟲, the eminent parasitologist P. Cyril C. Garnham published his "magnum opus", the 1132-page encyclopaedia of #malaria parasites, "Malaria Parasites and Other Haemosporidia". After 56 yrs, images from this book are still used as references across the world. #Plasmodium
- Image references: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prof…; personal photo.
- References: sciencedirect.com/science/articl…; royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.109…
- References: sciencedirect.com/science/articl…; royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.109…
#idboardreview A patient returned 10 days ago from one of his monthly visits to Indonesia. +fever and headache. dx? #medEd #idmeded #IDTwitter
characteristic band trophozoite found in both Plasmodium malariae & #Plasmodium #knowlesi seen in Southeast Asia #malaria Ref GWIDBR
#idboardreview can you identify this malarial species?
trophozoite of #Plasmodium #ovale #Schuffner’s dots & ovoid shape.
P. ovale #malaria is clinically similar to P. vivax & like P. vivax has a latent phase in liver from which relapse can occur.
Interval to relapse is P.ovale can be months or up to years later.
Ref GW IDBR
P. ovale #malaria is clinically similar to P. vivax & like P. vivax has a latent phase in liver from which relapse can occur.
Interval to relapse is P.ovale can be months or up to years later.
Ref GW IDBR
Weekend Digest
Name the pathogen and its treatment
(Photo CDC)
Name the pathogen and its treatment
(Photo CDC)
2/
#Plasmodium #falciparum
1. Anopheles bite
2. Endemic regions / returning travelers: 12-14 day incubation period
3. Fever +/- severe symptoms (see next)
4. Dx: blood smear, rapid diagnostic Ag or Ab test
5. Rx: chloroquine, artemisin-based combination Rx (depends on region)
#Plasmodium #falciparum
1. Anopheles bite
2. Endemic regions / returning travelers: 12-14 day incubation period
3. Fever +/- severe symptoms (see next)
4. Dx: blood smear, rapid diagnostic Ag or Ab test
5. Rx: chloroquine, artemisin-based combination Rx (depends on region)
3/
#Plasmodium #falciparum is severe if with end-organ S/S
AMS / seizures
Acidosis
Hypoglycemia
Severe anemia
Renal failure
Jaundice
Pulmonary edema
Bleeding
Shock
High level parasitemia
#Plasmodium #falciparum is severe if with end-organ S/S
AMS / seizures
Acidosis
Hypoglycemia
Severe anemia
Renal failure
Jaundice
Pulmonary edema
Bleeding
Shock
High level parasitemia
Our 5th and final day of #ParasitesOnline21 will begin shortly with a plenary talk from Prof Santiago Mas-Coma from University of Valencia on: Fascioliasis control in human endemic areas: one health action to complement preventative chemotherapy
Prof Maria-Gloria Basanez introduces Prof Santiago Mas-Coma who was awarded Honorary membership of @BSPparasitology in 2020
Prof Mas-Coma cites his recent paper, which describes this One Health approach to tackle fascioloiasis spread by donkeys, which are important for transport in the Altiplano: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P… Sheep & cattle also act as reservoirs: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P… #ParasitesOnline21
Day 4 of our #ParasitesOnline21 meeting will begin with a presentation by Dr Emma Briggs who was awarded the BSP President's Medal in 2020 🏅 @emmabriggs6
Prof Maria-Gloria Basanez introduces Dr Emma Briggs and congratulates her on the award
So to begin our "BES: Ecology and Evolution I" Session of Day 4 of #ParasitesOnline21 is Prof Neil Hall of the @EarlhamInst with "Sequencing #Protists directly from the environment for the Darwin Tree of Life Project."
So we begin #ParasitesOnline21 today with C.A. Wright Medal 2020 winner, Prof Sarah Reece (@ReeceLab), who is telling us about "The private life of #malaria parasites: Strategies for survival & reproduction." #Parasitology
Prof Reece describes how the #malaria parasite regulates gametocyte sex ratio; highest number of offspring depends in female gametocyte number; the highest proportion of matings depends on male gametocyte number: sciencedirect.com/science/articl… #ParasitesOnline21
For optimal #malaria gametocyte ratio, there needs to be plasticity in the gametocyte conversion rate. The @ReeceLab has investigated environmental factors that may influence this rate, such as in ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P… #ParasitesOnline21
So brilliant that #GEM2021 registration was made free this year! Awesome talks during Session 1 already! Wendy O'Meara discussed identification of #malaria reservoirs in Kenya! Check out the work in nature.com/articles/s4146… #Plasmodium
Xue Li also gave an excellent talk on spatial analysis of parasite population genomics during #malaria elimination efforts on Myanmar, citing samples collected during this incredible study: thelancet.com/journals/lance… #GEM2021 #Plasmodium
One more of the Session 1 #GEM2021 talks was by Eline Kattenberg (@ElineKattenberg), detailing the multiplexed Ampliseq targetted NGS assays that can be used for molecular surveillance of Pf or Pv isolates! The P. vivax preprint can be found at biorxiv.org/content/10.110… #malaria
#idboardreview 30 F return from (2wk visit to) Togo 🇹🇬 3d ago now/fever, chills, rigors. Thin smear shown. Diagnosis? #medEd #idmedEd #IDtwitter
#plasmodium #ovale moderately enlarged fimbriated red cells with shuffner stippling, amioboid trophozites
#WorldMosquitoDay: Prevalence and Facts About Malaria Disease Causing Mosquitoes 🦟
weather.com/en-IN/india/he…
(Image 1 - C Suresh Kumar/BCCL, Chennai )
(Image 2 -KM Sharma/BCCL, Patna)
(Image 3 - Sanjay Hadkar/TOI, BCCL/Mumbai )
(Image 4 - BCCL)
weather.com/en-IN/india/he…
(Image 1 - C Suresh Kumar/BCCL, Chennai )
(Image 2 -KM Sharma/BCCL, Patna)
(Image 3 - Sanjay Hadkar/TOI, BCCL/Mumbai )
(Image 4 - BCCL)
In the South East Asia region, India accounts for 58% of the reported case load. As per the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP), India has reported 62,129 #malaria cases in 2020 till June. In 2019, the country reported 3.3 lakh confirmed cases.
The government of India has set a target to eliminate malaria disease by 2030.
(Image credit :N Kanaka / BCCL, Visakhapatnam)
#StopTheSpread #Mosquitoes #WorldMosquitoDay🦟
(Image credit :N Kanaka / BCCL, Visakhapatnam)
#StopTheSpread #Mosquitoes #WorldMosquitoDay🦟
THREAD
A little parasitology #MedEd inspired by d1 @CHOP_ID:
Diarrhea after contact with baby cows? Think #cryptosporidiosis! 💩+ 🐄 = #crypto
The other big exposure risk? Recreational water, especially pools and lakes 🏊♂️
cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/6…
/1
A little parasitology #MedEd inspired by d1 @CHOP_ID:
Diarrhea after contact with baby cows? Think #cryptosporidiosis! 💩+ 🐄 = #crypto
The other big exposure risk? Recreational water, especially pools and lakes 🏊♂️
cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/6…
/1
@CHOP_ID Calf exposure is such a big risk b/c calves are very likely to have #crypto. My favorite outbreak is this 2013 overturned cattle truck carrying 100s of calves. RR for diarrhea 3.0 in first responders who "carried calves":
cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/m…
/2
cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/m…
/2
@CHOP_ID T-cell immunity is important to #crypto control - think uncontrolled HIV and cyclosporin inhibitors (tacro, CsA).
First key to management - restore immune function.
Antiparasitic treatment with nitazoxanide also helpful - but often not enough if IC
cdc.gov/parasites/cryp…
First key to management - restore immune function.
Antiparasitic treatment with nitazoxanide also helpful - but often not enough if IC
cdc.gov/parasites/cryp…
Yay, it's out in the world! More beautiful work on regulation of #malaria #parasite #metabolism from the ever-awesome @a_guggs! Needed a lot of patience to tease this new #Plasmodium drug-resistance trick.
Also super-proud to have 2 @WUSTLdbbs grad students, 1 #WashUMSTP, and 2 undergrads contributing to this project. A great team effort!
Also, please admire these beautiful figures - and please forgive the fact that all my future talks will be in purple and teal...
