Discover and read the best of Twitter Threads about #pathobionts
Most recents (3)
1/ This excellent study by @aaronmring/@VirusesImmunity and team found that COVID-19 patients exhibit dramatic increases in the production of antibodies against thousands of human extracellular and secreted proteins (the exoproteome) compared to controls 👇
2/ The million dollar question is: what molecular mechanisms underly this antibody/#autoantibody production? It is worth interpreting the findings via the lens of human #microbiome/#virome activity + the activity of persistent pathogens (such as EBV) harbored by study subjects.
This! The activity of the host #immune response largely determines whether #pathobionts acquired from an #FMT donor might become capable of virulence 👉 So including immune status in the study of FMT outcomes would be extremely informative
IMO immune status should be included in the general study of #antibiotic resistant infection 👉 It’s no coincidence that most “superbug” infections occur in immunocompromised patients, often in hospitals (w/ patients on cocktails of steroids for procedures like organ transplants)
Because extrapolate that trend and consider that the immunosuppressive biologics used to palliate “#autoimmune” disease symptoms are the top selling medications in the world 👉 With top side effects of such drugs being “serious #infection by viruses, fungi or bacteria”(see below) 
No need for skepticism of #microbiome + virome involvement in #ME/CFS 👉 But we must factor in the activity of organisms (bacteria, viruses, phages, fungi etc) that often persist + interact outside the gut☝️And many such organisms are not “good” but are pathogens/#pathobionts
In fact, Komaroff asked if anyone has a model for #ME/CFS that links together many findings recently presented at #MECFSatNIH19 👉 Well, that’s what my recent paper on ME/CFS does!...w/ #microbiome + virome activity central to how separate findings connect:frontiersin.org/articles/10.33…
That is b/c 👉 Humans are now understood to be #holobionts: our activity is controlled by the human genome, our microbial/#viral genomes and their respective proteins + metabolites working in tandem (together!): nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.11…
