Never be afraid to raise your voice for honesty and truth and compassion against injustice and lying and greed. William Faulkner
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May 19 โข 8 tweets โข 3 min read
๐ ๐ข๐๐๐๐๐ง๐ฌ ๐ถ๐ ๐๐ต๐ฒ ๐บ๐ฎ๐ถ๐ป ๐ง๐ฅ๐๐๐๐๐ฅ ๐ณ๐ผ๐ฟ ๐๐ต๐ฒ ๐ง๐ฅ๐๐ก๐ฆ๐ ๐๐ฆ๐ฆ๐๐ข๐ก ๐ข๐ ๐๐ข๐ฉ๐๐-19 ๐ฎ๐ป๐ฑ ๐ผ๐๐ต๐ฒ๐ฟ ๐ฟ๐ฒ๐๐ฝ๐ถ๐ฟ๐ฎ๐๐ผ๐ฟ๐ ๐๐ถ๐ฟ๐๐๐ฒ๐ ! 2) Even if we regret the use of the word "post-pandemic", it remains a very interesting and key study.
Researchers examined the impacts of human mobility and behavior on the transmission of 18 respiratory viruses (including SARS-CoV-2) in the Seattle area from 2018-2022.
bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/5/eโฆ 2) This qualitative study explored care for Long COVID in England through interviews with 21 patients and 15 healthcare professionals. Key themes included the complex physical/mental symptoms experienced by patients and highlighted challenges accessing primary care.
In the fall of 2023, FLIPs appeared with 2 mutations (L455F, F456L).
Then, to use Daniele's beautiful expression @dfocosi, L445F (blue) made a "slip" towards L445S (green) which gave birth to JN.1 2) Beginning 2024, 2 mutations, F456L, R346T gave birth to the "FLIRTs".
Except that these mutations were not new. F456L for example was already in EG.5.1
(๐ ๐ญ๐ฆ๐ง๐ต ๐ต๐ฉ๐ฆ ๐ญ๐ฆ๐จ๐ฆ๐ฏ๐ฅ ๐ข๐ต ๐ต๐ฉ๐ฆ ๐ฃ๐ฆ๐จ๐ช๐ฏ๐ฏ๐ช๐ฏ๐จ ๐ฐ๐ง ๐ต๐ฉ๐ฆ ๐จ๐ณ๐ข๐ฑ๐ฉ ๐ง๐ฐ๐ณ ๐ต๐ฉ๐ฆ ๐ค๐ฐ๐ญ๐ฐ๐ณ ๐ค๐ฐ๐ฅ๐ฆ๐ด)
(Global systematic review of 173 studies with 892K+ COVID patients) 2) This systematic review and meta-analysis of 173 studies with 892,312 COVID-19 patients provided a comprehensive assessment of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antibiotic usage during the pandemic. It reported a 42.1% prevalence of multidrug-resistant organism infection ...
May 18 โข 6 tweets โข 3 min read
๐๐ฟ๐ฒ ๐๐8+ ๐ง ๐ฐ๐ฒ๐น๐น๐ ๐ฐ๐ผ๐ป๐๐ฟ๐ถ๐ฏ๐๐๐ฒ ๐๐ผ ๐ถ๐บ๐บ๐๐ป๐ผ๐๐ต๐ฟ๐ผ๐บ๐ฏ๐ผ๐๐ถ๐ ๐ถ๐ป ๐๐ฒ๐๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ฒ ๐๐ข๐ฉ๐๐-19 ๐ฝ๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ฒ๐ป๐๐ ๐๐ต๐ฟ๐ผ๐๐ด๐ต ๐ฝ๐ฟ๐ผ๐บ๐ผ๐๐ถ๐ป๐ด ๐ง๐ต17 ๐ฑ๐ถ๐ณ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ฒ๐ป๐๐ถ๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป ? 2) Th17 differentiation refers to the process by which naรฏve T cells differentiate into Th17 cells.
Activated CD8+ T cells produce IFNy which inhibits Th17 differentiation and limits excessive inflammation and memory CD8+ T cells regulate Th17-dominant immune responses.
May 18 โข 4 tweets โข 2 min read
๐๐จ ๐ฉ๐๐๐ง๐ ๐ ๐ก๐๐ฃ๐ ๐๐๐ฉ๐ฌ๐๐๐ฃ ๐๐ผ๐๐-๐พ๐๐-2 ๐๐๐๐ผ๐ ๐๐๐ผ๐ฟ ๐๐ฃ๐ ๐ฟ๐๐๐๐ผ๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ? 2) This study evaluated the association between SARS-CoV-2 viral load and disease severity in 145 COVID-19 patients using a SARS-CoV-2 Duo assay. Viral load positively correlated with severity and hospital stay duration, highest in severe cases at 8.22 log10 IU/mL on average.
May 18 โข 5 tweets โข 2 min read
๐๐๐ฎ ๐ฝ๐ค๐ฃ๐ ๐ข๐๐ง๐ง๐ค๐ฌ ๐ฅ๐ก๐๐จ๐ข๐ ๐๐๐ก๐ก๐จ (๐ฝ๐๐๐พ) ๐จ๐๐ค๐ฌ ๐๐๐ฉ๐๐ง๐ค๐๐๐ฃ๐๐๐ฉ๐ฎ ๐๐ฃ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ง๐๐ฃ๐ฉ ๐๐๐ฉ๐๐ซ๐๐ฉ๐๐ค๐ฃ ๐๐ฃ๐ซ๐๐ง๐ค๐ฃ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ฉ๐จ ๐๐๐ฉ๐๐ง ๐ซ๐๐๐๐๐ฃ๐๐ฉ๐๐ค๐ฃ ? 2) In this study, researchers examined the heterogeneity of long-lived antibody-producing plasma cells residing in human bone marrow. Using single-cell RNA sequencing of over 38,000 bone marrow plasma cells, 10 distinct "clans" were identified ... nature.com/articles/s4146โฆ
(๐ธ๐ช๐ต๐ฉ ๐๐๐ ๐ง๐ช๐ญ๐ฆ๐ด) 2) SARS-CoV-2 infection increases risk of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and dementia by triggering neuroinflammation and vascular damage, as evidenced by studies linking COVID to later diagnoses. thelancet.com/journals/laneuโฆ
May 18 โข 4 tweets โข 2 min read
๐๐ค๐ฌ ๐ฉ๐ค ๐๐จ๐ฉ๐๐ข๐๐ฉ๐ ๐๐๐ง๐๐ค๐ง๐ฃ๐ ๐๐ผ๐๐-๐พ๐๐-2 ๐ฉ๐ง๐๐ฃ๐จ๐ข๐๐จ๐จ๐๐ค๐ฃ ๐๐ฃ ๐๐๐ฎ๐๐๐ง๐ ๐ง๐ค๐ค๐ข๐จ ? 2) This study estimated hourly airborne SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk in daycare rooms by calculating inhaled viral doses from occupancy, activities, and aerosol emission/transport models. Risks significantly varied by room and time ... cell.com/heliyon/fullteโฆ
May 18 โข 4 tweets โข 2 min read
๐พ๐๐ฃ ๐ฌ๐ ๐๐ข๐ฅ๐ง๐ค๐ซ๐ ๐๐ค๐ฃ๐ ๐พ๐๐๐๐ฟ ๐๐ฎ ๐จ๐ฉ๐๐ข๐ช๐ก๐๐ฉ๐๐ฃ๐ ๐ฉ๐๐ ๐ฉ๐ง๐๐ฃ๐จ๐๐ช๐ฉ๐๐ฃ๐๐ค๐ช๐จ ๐ซ๐๐๐ช๐จ ๐ฃ๐๐ง๐ซ๐ ? 2) ๐๐ณ๐ช๐ฆ๐ง ๐ด๐ถ๐ฎ๐ฎ๐ข๐ณ๐บ :
This pilot study investigated transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) for long COVID symptoms in 24 female patients. Following 10 days of at-home tVNS treatment (30 mins twice daily) ... ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/research/coronโฆ
โถ๏ธ EGYPT, Seroprevalence H5N1 in poultry workers : 2.1% (2015), equivalent of 20.000 workers ?
โถ๏ธ WHO, 356 human cases of H5N1 reported in Egypt (9 March 2006 - 30 September 2016)
โถ๏ธ 98% ๐ก๐ข๐ง ๐๐๐ง๐๐๐ง๐๐ ? 2) The study in Egypt found that the seroprevalence of avian influenza A(H5N1) antibodies was higher among poultry-exposed individuals. Chronic lung disease was a significant risk factor for infection. A(H9N2) infection was also detected ...
sciencedirect.com/science/articlโฆ 2) A brief summary :
In this article they said that in the event of a human-transmitted avian influenza pandemic before effective vaccines or antiviral drugs are available, the outbreak could be significantly slowed through passive immunization with milk and serum ...
biorxiv.org/content/10.110โฆ 2) COVID-19 (caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus) can cause neurological symptoms like memory loss, cognitive issues, and sensory disruption. These symptoms are sometimes referred to as neuro-COVID.
biorxiv.org/content/10.110โฆ 2) The study tested the effectiveness of an intranasal adjuvant subunit vaccine compared to an intramuscular mRNA vaccine at preventing SARS-CoV-2 transmission in hamsters.
Hamsters were vaccinated with either 2 doses of mRNA vaccine IM or 1 dose IM followed by an intranasal ..
Thanks to @jlerollblues sciencedirect.com/science/articlโฆ 2) Researchers developed a recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rK148) vaccine expressing the H5 hemagglutinin (HA) protein of a clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV). This recombinant vaccine was called rK148/22-H5.
(๐ ๐ด๐ช๐ฎ๐ช๐ญ๐ข๐ณ ๐ฑ๐ข๐ต๐ต๐ฆ๐ณ๐ฏ ๐ข๐ด ๐ช๐ฏ ๐๐ฏ๐จ๐ญ๐ข๐ฏ๐ฅ โก๏ธ ๐ข๐ต ๐ต๐ฉ๐ฆ ๐ฆ๐ฏ๐ฅ ๐ฐ๐ง ๐ต๐ฉ๐ช๐ด ๐ต๐ฉ๐ณ๐ฆ๐ข๐ฅ) journalofinfection.com/article/S0163-โฆ 2) This study analyzed changes in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in Hong Kong before, during and after COVID-19. IPD cases substantially decreased 2020-2022 when public health measures were implemented but rebounded in 2023 to pre-pandemic levels.
H/t @RolandBakerIII wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/14โฆ 2) The study evaluated cross-immunity between human and avian influenza (H5N1) strains in healthy people vaccinated for seasonal influenza.
At baseline, some participants had CD4 T cells specific for H5N1, and seasonal vaccination enhanced the frequency of these cells.
Thanks to @DavidJoffe64 nature.com/articles/s4158โฆ 2) The study evaluated the type-specificity and cross-reactivity of serum antibodies induced by heterologous mRNA SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccines in mice and humans previously vaccinated with mRNA-1273 vaccines. In mice, prior immunity ...
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/enโฆ 2) The "Spanish flu" pandemic of 1918 and resulting Encephalitis Lethargica killed millions without identified cause or effective response. COVID-19 showed progress with rapid virus ID and worldwide cooperation enabling swift vaccines ...
cell.com/trends/moleculโฆ 2) ME/CFS and LC share fatigue, and neuro/immune/autonomic symptoms. Studies find evidence of immune dysfunction, aberrant metabolism, gut microbiome alterations, and CNS involvement in both. Impairment and chronic inflammation are seen, as are reliance on ...
nature.com/articles/s4146โฆ 2) The researchers performed deep mutational scanning of residues 808-855 of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, which spans the S2' cleavage site, fusion peptide and adjacent regions